狗狗怎么会得结石？
关于结石的形成，在2017年就有过相关研究报道[1] ，研究人员采集了5种不同病因的肾结石样本，并利用X射线对结石进行分析后发现，这些结石中都存在结晶颗粒（crystalline particles）和矿物质成分，而且它们的形态、含量都各不相同；其中2份胆结石样品中发现了脂肪物质和细菌DNA，而4份肾结石样品中含有大量酵母菌。 为了确认结石中的晶体成分是否会导致结石病的发生，研究人员将一定量的尿液或结石粉末分别放入培养皿后置于特定温度下培养。结果发现，当培养基的温度高于38°C时，尿结石的生长就会加速；而当培养基中加入钙离子和维生素D后，它们生长的速度还会再增加一倍多！ 这说明，一些常见的营养素（如维生素 D 和钙等）可能会促进尿结石的生长。 研究人员还发现有些营养物质会在结石生长过程中被消耗掉或者转化为其他物质——例如，尿酸盐结石在生长的过程中会消耗大量的钠离子，而在形成磷酸铵镁结石的过程中则会产生大量的氨；另外，尿石的主要成分草酸钙也会因为与尿中其他物质发生反应而逐渐变成尿酸盐。所以说，想要预防结石的产生可不能随意补充营养品哦~
除了营养元素的摄入会影响结石形成外，尿液pH值的变化也会影响结石的产生和生长情况呢 [2，3] ~ pH value is an important indicator of urine quality. It’s also known as “acidity level” or total alkalinity (T.A.). A higher T.A. means lower acidity levels and vice versa; a typical human urine should be around 6-7 on the pH scale， while the ideal range for cat or dog urine ranges from 5 to 7. If your pet has high pH values in their urine， there might still be some room left over—if you keep adjusting that number downwards until it gets into the correct range for each species！ But what exactly does all this mean？ And why would changes in pH affect how well our cats and dogs avoid developing kidney stones someday？ The answer may lie with another key element found in these minerals： oxalate！ Oxalate is considered harmless when found naturally within fruits like spinach and rhubarb; however excessive amounts can lead to health problems if too much is present in food sources such as nuts， beans and lentils etc... When it comes to urinary tract diseases caused by oxalates however， they are more likely associated with kidney stones than bladder stones although both types of crystals have been reported throughout history！ [4－6］ In fact studies conducted years ago discovered that about half of all calcium-based kidney stones were composed entirely of oxalate！ Interestingly enough though， research shows that many of us already eat enough vegetables daily which contain plenty of dietary fiber necessary to help prevent stone formation… So where could we possibly go wrong？